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Professional gardener and head of growing

Jeff Tanun

Jeff has gardened professionally for over twenty years, mostly on heavy clay, and writes everything here from beds he still works himself.

Jeff Tanun has spent more than twenty years working other people's gardens and one stubborn plot of his own. He started on maintenance rounds, moved into planting and kitchen gardens, and now spends his working weeks between private gardens, a productive plot he runs on no-dig beds, and the endless business of keeping tools sharp enough to be worth carrying.

His own garden is heavy clay on a slight north slope, which he describes as the single most useful thing that ever happened to his gardening. Clay punishes shortcuts. It compacts if you walk on it wet, it holds water in winter and sets hard in August, and it taught him earlier than most that soil structure matters more than fertiliser. Almost every method he recommends here was worked out on ground that resisted it.

He grows food seriously and ornamentals gladly. In a normal year that means around thirty raised beds of vegetables, a small orchard of trained apples and pears, a long border he has been quietly rebuilding for a decade, and whatever he is trialling that season because a customer asked a question he could not answer properly.

Jeff is a convert to no-dig rather than an evangelist for it. He dug for years, stopped, and found the beds easier to work and quicker to warm in spring. He will still put a fork through compacted subsoil when a bed needs it, and he is happy to say where the method has limits, which is usually perennial weeds and the first season on genuinely bad ground.

The bulk of his working life is spent answering the same questions people write in with: why the tomatoes will not ripen, whether that patch gets enough sun, what to do with a lawn nobody wants. He is unusually direct about the answer being no, and about the difference between a garden problem and a shopping problem. Most gardeners need fewer tools and more compost.

He is a slow, sceptical buyer of equipment. He owns tools that are older than he is, sharpens them himself, and thinks the join between a handle and a head tells you more about a tool than any brand name. When he recommends something here it is because it survived a season of real use, and when he has not used a thing he says so.

Outside the growing season he propagates, mends, sharpens and plans. He keeps written sowing records going back years, which is where most of the timings on this site come from, and he is firm that the most valuable gardening skill is not knowledge but the habit of walking the beds for five minutes a day.

What Jeff is the person to ask about

No-dig and soil structure
Converting compacted lawn and neglected ground into productive beds without cultivation, and knowing when to break the rule and use a fork.
Growing on heavy clay
Drainage, timing, and which crops reward clay rather than fighting it. Clay grows brassicas and top fruit better than sand ever will.
Kitchen gardens and succession
Planning a bed so something is always coming out of it, rather than everything ripening in the same fortnight in August.
Hand tool selection and maintenance
Forging versus stamping, socket depth, edge geometry, and sharpening. Where tools fail is almost always the join between handle and head.
Trained fruit
Espaliers, cordons and fans on apples and pears, including the winter and summer pruning that keeps them productive in a small space.
Small and awkward spaces
Container volumes, balcony wind and weight, north-facing beds, and getting a usable crop out of four hours of sun.

Things he will tell you whether you asked or not

  • Most gardeners own too many tools and use about six of them.
  • Sun is the only input you cannot substitute. Everything else can be improved.
  • Compost is not a supplement. On a new bed it is the substrate.
  • Watering little and often is the most common way people make plants fragile.
  • A tool you can sharpen and re-handle is a different purchase from one you replace.
  • The first year of any garden is a diagnostic, not a harvest.
  • If a plant has failed twice in the same spot, the spot is the answer, not the plant.

72 articles by Jeff Tanun

Two courgette plants in a raised bed with small fruits under the leaves and a trug of picked ones
GuidesStep-by-step guide6 min read

How to Grow Courgettes

How to grow courgettes and zucchini: how many to plant, why the first fruits rot, hand pollination, and picking small enough to keep the plant producing.

Updated

Sheet mulched bed under construction showing cardboard, layered organic matter and a compost top
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

Lasagna Gardening

Lasagna gardening is sheet mulching: cardboard and layers of organic matter straight onto grass. What to layer, how deep, how long to wait, and what it cannot fix.

Updated

Healthy family lawn cut fairly long in a deliberate rectangle with deep borders either side
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

Lawn Care Basics

Lawn care that works with less effort. Why cutting height matters more than feed, how to fix moss and bare patches, and when to stop fighting the grass entirely.

Updated

Large drifts of native grasses and perennials with a crisply mown strip along the front edge
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Native Plant Garden

A native plant garden without the purism. Why native means local rather than national, how to find your own list, and where non-natives still earn a place.

Updated

Heaps of potting compost, topsoil and garden compost side by side with grit and a pot
GuidesExplainer4 min read

Garden Soil vs Potting Soil

Garden soil vs potting soil, explained by what each one is for. Why garden soil fails in a pot, why potting compost is wasted in a bed, and what to buy for what.

Updated

Sunny border with separate drifts of salvia, penstemon, agastache and monarda in flower
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

Hummingbird Garden

A hummingbird garden built on planting rather than sugar water. Which flower shapes they can actually use, feeder rules that avoid harm, and how to plan for territoriality.

Updated

Tall wire mesh deer fence with aromatic planting inside and a guard on a young tree trunk
GuidesStep-by-step guide4 min read

Keeping Deer Out

Keeping deer out of a garden honestly. Only a tall fence reliably works, deterrents fade, and no plant is truly deer proof. What to do at each budget.

Updated

Beds under coarse bark and gravel mulch with a sunny wall top and long grass beyond
GuidesStep-by-step guide4 min read

Cat Friendly Garden

A cat friendly garden covers two problems: keeping your own cat safe, and keeping other people's cats out of your seedbeds. Both have practical answers.

Updated

Fenced chicken run with coop and dust bath beside raised vegetable beds under netting
GuidesStep-by-step guide4 min read

Chickens in the Garden

Chickens in the garden, honestly. What they wreck, what they are genuinely good for, and the fenced-run-plus-supervised-access system that keeps both alive.

Updated

Garden with herbs at the door, mulched beds beyond, a fruit tree with underplanting and a water butt
IdeasStep-by-step guide6 min read

Permaculture Garden

A permaculture garden without the ideology. Zones, stacking and catching water are genuinely useful; some of the rest is untested. What to take and what to leave.

Updated

Blue mophead, white lacecap and cone shaped paniculata hydrangeas flowering in dappled shade
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

How to Grow Hydrangeas

How to grow hydrangeas without cutting off next year's flowers. Identify your type first, then prune, feed and water accordingly. Plus the soil pH colour question.

Updated

Gravel path on a worn dog route, tough grass, dense borders and a shaded water bowl
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

Dog Friendly Garden

A dog friendly garden that survives an actual dog. Which plants are toxic, how to fix urine burn and digging, and why giving the dog a route works better than fencing.

Updated

Waist height raised bed, wide level paving, a bench among lavender and tools on a rail
IdeasExplainer5 min read

Gardening for Wellbeing

Horticultural therapy explained: what it is, what the evidence supports, and how to set up a garden that helps rather than becomes another thing you owe.

Updated

Overhead view of a raised bed divided into sixteen squares each planted at a different density
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

Square Foot Gardening

Square foot gardening explained honestly: the grid and the spacing chart are genuinely useful, the compulsory soil mix and the shallow bed depth are not.

Updated

Divided herb bed of silver mugwort, wormwood, sage, lavender and thyme with gravel paths
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Witches Garden

A witches garden is a historical herb garden. What was actually grown and why, which plants are genuinely dangerous, and a safe planting plan that still looks the part.

Updated

Row of peas gripping twiggy prunings and netting with well filled pods and a colander of picked pods
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

How to Grow Peas

How to grow peas that crop before the mildew. Why early sowing beats late, support even for dwarf varieties, and picking from the bottom of the plant up.

Updated

Small still pond with waterlily cover, marginal planting and a sloping pebble beach edge
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Water Garden Ideas

Water garden ideas from a washing up bowl upwards. What size actually works, why most small ponds go green, and the one feature that matters most for wildlife.

Updated

Seating area made private by a single slatted screen inside the boundary with a tree overhead
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Garden Privacy Screens

Garden privacy screens that work: why raising the whole boundary is the wrong move, how to block one sightline cheaply, and what to plant for fast cover.

Updated

Timber bench set into dense lavender and grasses with a small tree behind and a flat stone
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Memorial Garden Ideas

Memorial garden ideas that hold up over decades: choosing a spot, planting with meaning and low upkeep, and what to know before scattering ashes.

Updated

Sunny border of marjoram, catmint and single dahlias in flower with bees working them
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

Pollinator Garden

A pollinator garden that actually works: flower shapes bees can use, a plan that covers March to October, and why water and bare soil matter as much as flowers.

Updated

Onion bed with foliage yellowing and flopping beside lifted onions drying on a slatted rack
GuidesStep-by-step guide6 min read

How to Grow Onions

How to grow onions from sets or seed. Autumn against spring planting, why bolting happens, when to stop watering, and how to dry them so they keep to spring.

Updated

Half mulched autumn bed with a barrow, garlic cloves and bulbs waiting, seed heads left standing
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

October Gardening Jobs

October gardening jobs that actually pay off: plant garlic and bulbs, mulch bare soil, lift and store, and the tidying you should deliberately skip.

Updated

Shaded border of hosta, shuttlecock ferns and golden hakonechloa in bold groups by height
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

Shade Garden Plants

Shade garden plants chosen by the kind of shade you have. Dry shade under trees needs a different list from damp shade, and that distinction fixes most failures.

Updated

Three shallow containers of mixed salad leaves at different stages with one being cut
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

How to Grow Salad Leaves

How to grow salad leaves that keep coming. Cut and come again rather than whole hearts, why lettuce bolts, and the fortnightly sowing that beats a glut.

Updated

Border of bearded irises in flower with rhizomes visible on free draining gravelly soil
GuidesStep-by-step guide4 min read

How to Grow Irises

How to grow irises: bearded irises want their rhizomes baking on the surface, not buried. Which type suits your soil, when to divide, and why yours stopped flowering.

Updated

White cosmos and nicotiana glowing against silver foliage in low blue light after sunset
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Moon Garden

A moon garden is planted in white and silver for dusk, when most people are actually in the garden. What to plant, what smells at night, and where to put it.

Updated

Strawberry bed in full crop with ripe fruit resting on straw and netting held clear on hoops
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

How to Grow Strawberries

How to grow strawberries properly. Why plants decline after three years, how runners give you free replacements, and the two jobs that stop fruit rotting.

Updated

Double row of climbing French beans on crossed canes with pods at picking size and a full trug
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

How to Grow Beans

How to grow climbing and dwarf beans. Runner against French, why flowers fail to set in heat, how to keep picking, and the nitrogen the roots leave behind.

Updated

Established rhubarb plant with thick red stems and large leaves, pulled stems on the soil
GuidesStep-by-step guide6 min read

How to Grow Rhubarb

How to grow rhubarb from a crown: where to plant it, why you pick nothing in year one, how to force it for early stems, and when to divide the crown.

Updated

Grouped large containers on a patio with a staked tomato, courgette, herbs and strawberries
IdeasStep-by-step guide6 min read

Container Gardening

Container gardening done properly. Why pot volume matters more than compost or feed, what to plant in what size, and how to water so nothing stalls in July.

Updated

Garlic bed with upright foliage and curling scapes, and lifted bulbs drying on a rack
GuidesStep-by-step guide6 min read

How to Grow Garlic

How to grow garlic from cloves. Why it needs winter cold, hardneck against softneck, when to cut scapes, and how to dry it so it keeps until spring.

Updated

Close spaced rows of potatoes, onions, cabbage and kale with narrow trodden earth paths
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Victory Garden Ideas

A victory garden was a wartime plan to feed a household from a small plot. What they grew, what actually worked, and how the same approach holds up now.

Updated

Established beech hedge holding copper winter leaves with a mulched strip at its foot
GuidesStep-by-step guide6 min read

Hedging Plants

Hedging plants compared by growth rate, cost and upkeep. What to plant for privacy, how many per metre, and the two mistakes that cost you a whole season.

Updated

Mixed border of ruby chard, kale and artichoke among geraniums with beans on an obelisk
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Food Garden Ideas

Food garden ideas for people who want a garden, not an allotment. Edible plants that hold their own in a border, and where to put them so they get used.

Updated

Low raised bed with sunflowers, radishes and lettuce and a child's watering can
GuidesStep-by-step guide7 min read

Gardening With Children

Gardening with children works when the seeds are fast and the tools are real. Here is what to plant, what to buy, and what puts kids off for good.

Updated

Carrot bed under fine mesh on hoops with a bunch of long straight carrots on the bed edge
GuidesStep-by-step guide4 min read

How to Grow Carrots

How to grow carrots that are not forked or stumpy. Why manure ruins them, how to sow so you barely thin, and the mesh height that stops carrot fly.

Updated

Squared paper with a pencilled bed map, an open notebook of short notes and some seed packets
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

Garden Planner

A garden planner you will still be using in August: one bed map, one sowing list and one page of notes. What to record, what to skip, and free templates.

Updated

Potato bed with earthed up ridges in flower, a fork in the soil and a trug of lifted earlies
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

How to Grow Potatoes

How to grow potatoes in beds or bags. Why first earlies earn their space and maincrop often does not, how deep to plant, when to earth up, and avoiding blight.

Updated

Opaque tub of lettuce in net pots with an air pump and an LED panel above on a worktop
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

Hydroponic Gardening

Hydroponic gardening explained without the hype: which systems suit a beginner, what it costs to run, what grows well in water, and what does not.

Updated

Two low timber beds of salad, chard and climbing beans beside a kitchen door
IdeasStep-by-step guide6 min read

Kitchen & Productive Gardens

Kitchen gardening works when you plant what you cook with and put it near the door. Here is how I lay one out, and how to avoid the August glut.

Updated

Miniature garden in a shallow pan with thyme, a pebble path, a twig fence and a bark door
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Fairy Garden Ideas

Fairy garden ideas built on real plants rather than plastic: what to plant at that scale, which container to use, and how to make one with a child in an hour.

Updated

Small front garden with one wide stone path, deep beds of clipped evergreens, lavender and grasses
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Front Yard Garden Ideas

Front yard garden ideas for a space you barely visit: planting that looks intentional all year, keeps the bins out of sight and does not need watering.

Updated

Small back garden with a deliberate rectangle of lawn, deep borders both sides and a bench
IdeasStep-by-step guide6 min read

Garden Design Basics

Garden design without a designer: work out how you will use the space, get the proportions right, then plant. The order matters more than the plant list.

Updated

Climbing beans on netting, a cane wigwam in a container and cordon tomatoes on strings
GuidesStep-by-step guide6 min read

Vertical Gardening

Vertical gardening done properly: which crops climb, what a wall can carry, how to water it, and why most living wall kits fail in their first summer.

Updated

Back garden in spring with a sunny bed, a shaded fence strip and frost in a hollow
GuidesStep-by-step guide8 min read

Zones & Growing Conditions

Gardening zones tell you what survives winter, not what grows well. Here is how to read your zone, and the five garden conditions that matter more.

Updated

Paved courtyard with containers of tomatoes, chard and wall-mounted salad troughs
IdeasStep-by-step guide9 min read

Small Space & Urban Gardening

Urban gardening comes down to light, pot size and wind. Get those three right and a courtyard or balcony feeds you. Here is how I work out what will grow.

Updated

Cordon tomato plants trained up strings with trusses of ripening fruit and mulched soil
GuidesStep-by-step guide5 min read

How to Grow Tomatoes

How to grow tomatoes from seed to harvest. Cordon or bush, the watering that prevents split skins and blossom end rot, when to feed, and how to spot blight early.

Updated

Small raised bed of lettuce, chard and radish in a back garden at sunset
GuidesStep-by-step guide11 min read

How to Start a Garden

How to start a garden in one season: check your light first, build one small bed without digging, plant six easy crops. Costs from $60, step by step.

Updated

Packed flower border of geranium, salvia and catmint beside a grass path
GuidesStep-by-step guide7 min read

Flower Gardening

Flower gardening made simple: pick plants that suit your light, plant them closer than feels right, and get colour from spring to frost. With costs.

Updated

Back garden at dusk with warm light on a path edge and up a small tree
AccessoriesStep-by-step guide8 min read

Garden Lighting & Decor

Garden lighting is nearly always overdone. Here is where I put light, how much is enough, and why one floodlight ruins a garden after dark.

Updated

Pale angular grit raked in straight lines with rings circling three set rocks by a plain wall
IdeasStep-by-step guide6 min read

Zen Garden

A zen garden is karesansui: gravel, rock and almost nothing else. What depth of gravel to use, how to set the stones, how to rake it, and what it costs.

Updated

Raked gravel, three set rocks, clipped azalea mounds and one maple behind a slatted screen
IdeasStep-by-step guide5 min read

Japanese Garden Ideas

Japanese garden ideas built on the actual principles: asymmetry, borrowed scenery and restraint. What to plant, what to leave out, and a plan for a small corner.

Updated

Garden bed with thick compost mulch on one side and dry cracked bare soil on the other
GuidesStep-by-step guide7 min read

Soil, Mulch & Feeding

Mulching cuts watering and weeding more than any other job. What to use on beds, borders and pots, how deep to lay it, and why membrane fails.

Updated

Gardener in a loose long-sleeved shirt, wide-brim hat and gloves working a bed in strong sun
ClothingBuying guide5 min read

Gardening Clothes for Hot Weather

What to wear gardening in real heat, why long sleeves beat bare arms, what UPF actually means, and the kit that keeps you working when it is 32°C.

Updated

Deep border of hardy geranium, grasses, sedum and lavender with no bare soil showing
IdeasIdeas6 min read

Low-Maintenance Garden Ideas

How to cut garden work by two-thirds without paving it over, the design decisions, planting choices and three jobs that actually save you time.

Updated

Small forged trowel, hand fork, two litre watering can, gloves and a bug pot
ToolsBuying guide5 min read

Gardening Tools for Kids

Which children's garden tools actually work, what to buy at each age, and why most brightly coloured plastic sets put kids off gardening rather than into it.

Updated

Soaker hose, tap timer, zinc labels, jute twine and a soil thermometer on timber
AccessoriesBuying guide5 min read

Gardening Accessories Worth It

The small kit that removes friction from every session: watering gear, labels, supports and storage, plus the accessories that just take up room.

Updated

Watering can soaking dark soil around young chard and lettuce at sunrise
GuidesStep-by-step guide6 min read

How to Water a Garden

How to water a garden properly: how much plants need, how to tell when they need it, and why a daily splash does more harm than none at all.

Updated

Diamond sharpening card, jute twine dispenser, nitrile gloves and a soil thermometer
GiftsBuying guide5 min read

Gardening Gifts Under $25

Eighteen cheap gardening gifts that get used every single session, sorted by price band, with the novelty tat to avoid at exactly the same price.

Updated

Mid handled hoe, stirrup hoe, wide mouth shovel and soil thermometer by a bed
ToolsBuying guide4 min read

Gardening Tools for Raised Beds

Raised beds need a different tool kit from open ground: shorter handles, no spade, and a few things you would never buy otherwise. Here is the list.

Updated

Four timber raised beds in two rows with grass paths and a wheelbarrow on the central path
IdeasIdeas6 min read

Raised Bed Layout Ideas

Raised bed layouts with real dimensions, bed widths, path widths, depths and orientation, plus five planting plans for beds of different sizes.

Updated

Metal frame kneeler seat, a thick foam kneeling pad and a low rolling seat
AccessoriesBuying guide4 min read

Garden Kneelers & Seats

Kneeling pads, kneeler-seats, rolling stools and garden trolleys compared, what each is genuinely good for, and what to check before you buy.

Updated

Narrow trowel, snips, a long spout can and a collapsible trug on a wall rail
ToolsBuying guide4 min read

Gardening Tools for Small Spaces

A short, cheap tool kit for container gardening: what you need on a balcony or patio, what to leave out, and how to store it in a metre of space.

Updated

Forged trowel and hand fork, a large planter, seed packets and zinc labels
GiftsBuying guide4 min read

Gardening Gifts for Beginners

Gifts that make a first-year gardener more likely to keep going: the right five tools, the right seeds, and the presents that get in the way.

Updated

Compost bay built from three wooden pallets with a fork in the heap and a bucket beside
GuidesStep-by-step guide6 min read

Composting for Beginners

What to put in, what to keep out, and how to fix a compost heap that smells or refuses to rot. A simple two-thirds/one-third rule that works in any bin.

Updated

Narrow balcony with railing troughs, pots of tomato and chard and a plant stand
IdeasIdeas7 min read

Small Balcony Garden Ideas

Balcony garden ideas built around the three things that actually limit you, light, wind and weight, with pot sizes, planting plans and what to grow where.

Updated

Secateurs, kneeler-seat, gauntlet gloves, hat and sharpening card on timber
GiftsBuying guide5 min read

Gardening Gifts for Mom

Gardening gifts for mothers who genuinely garden, sorted by budget, with a note on what to check before you order so it does not end up in the shed.

Updated

Ratchet secateurs, a radius handle trowel, an add-on grip handle and a tap adaptor
ToolsBuying guide6 min read

Gardening Tools for Seniors

Ergonomic garden tools that reduce grip force, wrist strain and bending, plus the design details that matter more than the word “ergonomic” on the packaging.

Updated

Nitrile coated gloves, leather gauntlets and a worn out pair side by side
ClothingBuying guide5 min read

Gardening Gloves Guide

Nitrile, leather or gauntlet: which gardening glove suits which task, how to measure your hand properly, and why one pair for everything never works.

Updated

Workbench with dismantled secateurs, a diamond card, a file, oil and an oily rag
GuidesStep-by-step guide6 min read

Cleaning & Sharpening Garden Tools

A twenty-minute routine for cleaning, sharpening and oiling secateurs, spades, hoes and shears, the single highest-return maintenance job in gardening.

Updated

Twelve used garden hand and long tools laid out in a row on weathered timber boards
ToolsBuying guide6 min read

Gardening Tools for Beginners

The twelve tools a new gardener genuinely needs, what to look for in each, what to spend, and the eight popular tools you can safely skip in your first year.

Updated

Small timber raised bed planted with lettuce, radish, chard and one courgette
GuidesStep-by-step guide7 min read

How to Start a Vegetable Garden

How to start a vegetable garden: pick the spot, build one bed without digging, plant six crops that forgive you. The five mistakes to avoid.

Updated